What is a Flat Character?

In literature, characters can be classified into two main categories: round and flat characters. While round characters undergo significant changes throughout a story, flat characters remain unchanged from start to finish. In William Shakespeare's Romeo and Juliet, several characters fit this description.

One such character is Benvolio, who serves as a loyal friend and supporter of Romeo. His purpose is to help his friend marry Juliet, and he does so with a calm and peaceful demeanor. Unlike other characters in the play, Benvolio remains constant throughout, never changing or transforming in response to events. This stability makes him an example of a flat character.

Another illustration of a flat character can be found in Romeo and Juliet's servants. They play minor roles in the story and do not undergo significant changes as the plot unfolds. Similarly, Elizabeth Proctor from Arthur Miller's The Crucible is a self-righteous woman who always believes in doing what is right. Despite her husband John's infidelity, she remains faithful to him and never turns against him.

In contrast to round characters, flat characters do not possess complex personalities or undergo significant transformations. They may play important roles in the story, but their traits and behaviors remain consistent throughout. Understanding the difference between round and flat characters can help readers better appreciate the complexities of literature and the ways in which authors use character development to convey meaning.

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